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TIME PERIOD
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NAME OF PERIOD
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HISTORY OF JAPAN
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-300 BC
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Jomon
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The early Japanese were gatherers, hunters and
fishers.
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300 BC-300
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Yayoi
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The intoduction of rice agriculture evokes the
development of a social hierarchy and hundreds of small
countries that started to unify into larger countries.
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300-710
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Kofun
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300 Japan is for the first time more or less
united.
538/552 Introduction of Buddhism.
604 Prince Shotoku's Constitution of seventeen
articles is promulgated.
645 The Taika reform is introduced. The Fujiwara era
starts.
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710-784
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Nara
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710 Nara becomes the first permanent capital.
784 The capital moves to Nagaoka.
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794-1185
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Heian
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794 The capital moves to Heian (Kyoto).
1016 Fujiwara Michinaga becomes regent.
1159 The Taira clan under Taira Kiyomori takes over
the power after the Heiji war.
1175 The Buddhist Jodo sect (Pure land sect) is
introduced.
1180-85 In the Gempei War, the Minamoto clan puts an
end to Taira supremacy.
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1192-1333
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Kamakura
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1191 The Zen sect is intoduced.
1192 Minamoto Yoritomo is appointed shogun and
establishes the Kamakura government.
1221 The Jokyu Disturbance ends a struggle between
Kamakura and Kyoto resulting in the supremacy of the Hojo
regents in Kamakura.
1232 A legal code, the Joei Shikimoku, is
promulgated.
1274 and 1281 The Mongols try to invade Japan twice,
but fail mainly because of bad weather conditions.
1333 The Kamakura bakufu falls.
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1338-1573
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Muromachi
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1334 Kemmu restoration: the emperor restores power
over Japan.
1336 Ashikaga Takauji captures Kyoto.
1337 The emperor flees and establishes the Southern
court in Yoshino.
1338 Takauji establishes the Muromachi government and
a second emperor in Kyoto (Northern court).
1392 Unification of the Southern and Northern
courts.
1467-1477 Onin war.
1542 Portuguese introduce firearms and Christianity
to Japan.
1568 Nobunaga enters Kyoto.
1573 The Muromachi Bakufu falls.
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1573-1603
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Azuchi
Momoyama
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1575 The Takeda clan is defeated in the battle of
Nagashino.
1582 Nobunaga is murdered and succeeded by Toyotomi
Hideyoshi.
1588 Hideyoshi confiscates the weapons of farmers and
religious institutions in the "Sword Hunt".
1590 Japan is reunited after the fall of Odawara
(Hojo).
1592-98 Unsuccessful invasion of Korea.
1598 Death of Hideyoshi.
1600 Tokugawa Ieyasu defeats his rivals in the battle
of Sekigahara.
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1603 - 1867
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Edo
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1603 Ieyasu is appointed shogun and establishes
the Tokugawa government in Edo (Tokyo).
1614 Ieyasu intensifies persecution of
Christianity.
1615 The Toyotomi clan is destroyed after Ieyasu
captures Osaka castle.
1639 Almost complete isolation of Japan from the rest
of the world.
1688-1703 Genroku era: popular culture
flourishes.
1792 The Russians unsuccessfuly try to establish
trade relations with Japan.
1854 Commodore Matthew Perry requests the Japanese
government to open a limited number of ports for trade.
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1868-1912
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Meiji
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1868 Meiji restoration.
1872 First railway line between Tokyo and
Yokohama.
1889 The Meiji Constitution is promulgated.
1894-95 Sino-Japanese War.
1904-05 Russo-Japanese War.
1910 Annexion of Korea.
1912 Death of emperor Meiji.
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1912-1926
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Taisho
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1914-18 Japan joins allied forces in WW1.
1923 The Great Kanto Earthquake devastates Tokyo and
Yokohama.
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1926-1989
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Showa
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1931 Manchurian Incident.
1937 Second Sino-Japanese War starts.
1941 Pacific War starts.
1945 Japan surrenders 1946 The new
constitution is promulgated.
1952 The Allied Occupation of Japan ends.
1956 Japan becomes member of the UN.
1972 Normalization of relations to China.
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